Lendon H. Smith, M.D.
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| Other dietary supplements: Licorice, Lactobacillus acidophilus.
BREASTFEEDING
Allopathic control: Refer to lactation expert; drink two quarts of milk a day.
Natural control: Rotate the diet and take supplements. Herbs: Fenugreek, fennel, anise, borage, goat's rue.
BURSITIS
Allopathic control: Injection with steroids.
Natural control: Deep heat, ultrasound, B12 injections, plus vitamin C, and bioflavonoids.
CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA
Allopathic control: Digitalis, calcium channel blockers, other drugs, pacemaker.
Natural control: Avoid caffeine and stimulants; no aspartame or cayenne pepper. |
| Other dietary supplements: Lactobacillus acidophilus and Cammaphora gugul.
CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER
Allopathic control: Stop drinking, join AA.
Natural control: Sylibum, low-fat diet, extra vitamins, especially the Bs. Herbs: Tang kuei, Carthamus, Spiriferis tossila, Taraxacum, artichoke leaves, curamin.
COLD HANDS AND FEET
Allopathic control: Massage, hot water bottle, wear socks to bed.
Natural control: Check thyroid; improve circulation with herbs; and drink water. Herbs: Capsicum, Crataegus, Ginkgo, linsen flower.
COLIC
Allopathic control: Drugs; change formula. |
Elizabeth Somer, M.A., R.D.
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 PMS Pills, Potions, and Powders
Rather than give in to the tears, moodiness, and chocolate cravings the two weeks before their periods, PMS sufferers are offered a variety of dietary supplements, foods, and bars that claim to boost serotonin levels, curb mood swings, and tame cravings. Some are even promoted by scientists at prestigious universities. All of them are pricey—up to $2.50 a day! To get such a bang for your buck, these miracle powders, pills, and potions must contain something pretty sensational, right? Only if you consider sugar and starch a scientific breakthrough. |
Annemarie Colbin
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 Problems with absorption and transformation of food can be treated with herbs and dietary supplements.
• Malfunctions such as diabetes and hypothyroidism, after dietary treatment has done all it can, could possibly benefit from chemical medications, moderately used.
• Backaches and problems with the skeleton are probably best handled initially by chiropractors and osteopaths, rather than surgeons.
• Pregnancy should be treated as a normal event and not a disease, and should be managed by midwives in homelike settings. |
Daniel B. Mowrey, Ph.D.
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 These nutrients need replacing through the diet, or with the aid of dietary supplements. The following table is provided as a general guideline. Considerable individual departure from these recommendations may be expected.
VITAMINS
(Daily requirements unless otherwise noted)
Vitamin A 25,000-50,000 I.U. Vitamin B Complex Vitamin B1 25-100 mg Vitamin B2 25-100 mg Vitamin B6 25-100 mg Vitamin C 3,000-5,000 mg Vitamin D 400 I.U. Vitamin E 600 I.U. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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 Freedom of Information and FDA Regulation of Nutritional Supplements and Herbs
"The FDA has always had a perceived bias against dietary supplements and has historically looked on them with a jaundiced eye," says attorney Geller. "The agency has expressed virtually no interest in trying to find a balance between the requirements necessary to approve prescription drugs and those appropriate to allow preventive health claims for naturally occurring substances such as vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, and herbs. |
Daniel B. Mowrey, Ph.D.
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| This means you must eat better, use dietary supplements, get more exercise, and learn to relax. This herbal blend is designed to be a part of such a program. It promotes both short-term and long-term anti-fatigue properties and enhancement of physical strength and stamina. The Cayenne and Peppermint provide a quick stimulant effect, and when the blend is used daily, the Ginseng, Gotu Kola, Kelp and Ginger root gradually increase stamina.
CAYENNE'S stimulant effects have been shown through animal studies to be rapid but transient. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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| Therefore, physicians who use L-tryptophan, along with other dietary supplements, are harassed by the FDA acting on behalf of the pharmaceutical industry."
After protest of the FDA's action continued to mount, the FDA finally rescinded its ban a few years later, but with the restriction that L-tryptophan supplements are only available through a prescription. among those who wrote neutral reviews and 43% among those who expressed critical views.9
The rate of published voluntary disclosures of financial interest by scientists in the 14 leading journals analyzed by Dr. |
Richard Lucas
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 He reported that for years, since he began taking these dietary supplements, he has never been troubled with angina. He also cited the experiences of many friends and acquaintances with circulatory problems who said they were benefited by a nutritional program featuring lecithin.
Multiple Benefits
Numerous reports also back up the Chinese claim that there are many other benefits that can be traced to the addition of soybean lecithin in the diet. Following are some examples. |
Bradley J. Willcox, D. Craig Willcox, and Makoto Suzuki
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 A meta-analysis of twelve interventional studies of folate's effect on blood homocysteine levels found that dietary supplements reduced blood homocysteine concentrations in those with elevated levels by 25 percent.87
2. A study of 5,000 Canadians found that those who had the highest folate intakes had lower risk for heart disease over the next fifteen years.88
Calcium
Calcium is the fifth most common element in the biosphere. It was likely abundant in the watery soup in which life first appeared, and without it we would all soon cease to exist. |
Artemis P. Simopoulos, M.D., and Jo Robinson
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 The researchers noted that, "Although most of the anti-inflammatory benefits of omega-3 fatty acids have been demonstrated with dietary supplements that provide doses much higher than the average intake in this study, very small increments in intake may have health benefits, possibly the result of a cumulative effect."15 Eat fish two or three times a week, in other words, and you are less likely to have a serious pulmonary disorder—even if you smoke. |
Carol Simontacchi
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 I asked for his recommendations, expecting him to discuss such issues as eating better-quality food, drinking more water, taking dietary supplements, and possibly using herbs. Instead he said very quietly, "We are tired because we demand too much of our bodies. Fatigue is a sign that we need to slow down. Our lifestyles are far in excess of our body's ability to handle. If we are tired, we need to rest, not take something to mask the fatigue."
At the time, I was working ten to twelve hours per day, then going home to my husband and four children. |
Andrew L. Stoll
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 Choosing a Fish Oil Supplement
There are literally dozens of omega-3 dietary supplements available in health-food stores, pharmacies, Web sites, and catalogs. Omega-3 supplements are available in a variety of concentrations and characteristics. These supplements range from the highest pharmaceutical quality formulations to products of poor quality containing oxidized fish oil and possibly other contaminants. |
Marion Nestle
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 Chapter 10 lays the groundwork by explaining how federal food and drug regulations applied to dietary supplements and how the food industry as a whole worked to undermine regulations that restricted the ability of companies to claim health benefits for their products. Chapter n describes how Congress came to require the FDA to approve health claims for conventional foods and supplements and then increasingly passed laws relaxing restrictions on those claims. Chapter 12 discusses the implications of supplement deregulation for the food industry and for public health. |
Daniel B. Mowrey, Ph.D.
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| Sometimes the use of dietary supplements can help. Individual requirements may differ significantly from the following recommendations.
VITAMINS & MINERALS
(Daily requirements unless otherwise noted)
Vitamin B-1 25-100 mg Vitamin B-2 25-100 mg Vitamin B-6 25-100 mg
Vitamin B-12 4 meg Vitamin C 500-1,000 mg Vitamin E 100-600 I.U. Inositol 1,000 mg Choline 1,000 mg
MINERALS
Calcium/Magnesium
MISCELLANEOUS
Lecithin
REFERENCES
1. Leung, AY Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients.
New York, 1980.
2. Frati-Munari, A., Fernandez, H.J.A, Becerril, M., Chavez, N.A., Banales, H.M. |
Dr. Gary Null
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 Janson, the author of The Vitamin Revolution in Health Care—a practical guide detailing the most recent developments in medical approaches to health care and preventive medicine—has been in practice for twenty years, using nutrition and dietary supplements with his patients.
DR. DAVID KAUFMAN 425 West 59th Street, Suite 3A New York, NY 10019 (212)523-7754
Dr. Kaufman has been in practice for over seven years. His focus is on infertility, sexual dysfunction, and urinary problems.
DR. STEVEN RACHLIN 1510 Old Northern Boulevard Roslyn, NY 11576 (516) 625-6884
Dr. |
Schuyler W. Lininger, Jr. DC
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 Chandler RM, Byrne HK, Patterson JG, et al. dietary supplements affect the anabolic hormones after weight-training exercise. / Appl Physiol 1994; 76: 839-45.
15. Hawley JA, Schabort EJ, Noakes TD, et al. Carbohydrate-loading and exercise performance. An update. Sports Med 1997; 24: 73-81 [review].
16. Costill DL. Carbohydrates for exercise: dietary demands for optimal performance. Int J Sports Med 1988; 9: 1-18 [review].
17. Lemon PW. Effects of exercise on dietary protein requirements. Int J Sport Nutr 1998; 8: 426-47 [review].
18. Lemon PW. |
Robyn Landis
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 As described above, FDA-approved OTC drug products are exempted. Only dietary supplements containing ephedra or ephedrine are restricted. Meanwhile, the state of Ohio has amended its total ban on the sale of all mahuang products.
Herbal supplements should be regulated in a way that is consistent with the way foods, OTC drugs, and most vitamin products are labeled and sold. |
Ruth Winter, M.S.
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 It is used in dietary supplements up to 1 mg. per day. Salts of boron are widely used as antiseptics even though toxicologists warn about possible adverse reactions. Borates are absorbed by the mucous membranes and can cause such symptoms as gastrointestinal bleeding, skin rash, and central nervous system stimulation. The adult lethal dose is one ounce. A preparation promoted as "anti-aging" contains 2 mg. of boron in a vitamin and mineral supplement—it is claimed that it increases the production of testosterone.
BOSWELLIA CARTERII AND SERRATA • Olibanum. Frankincense Extract. |
Robyn Landis
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| McCaleb emphasizes that the fact that such nutritional supplements are concentrated is the whole point, the very nature of dietary supplements: "They are concentrated ways to supplement the diet with something in a convenient form." Thus, some herbal supplements are concentrated as well.
The TDH proposal exempted the over-the-counter (OTC) drugs Vivarin and No-Doz, which contain pure caffeine. No one would call them food. Primatene is an OTC drug that contains ephedrine, the major active chemical purified from ma huang. Millions of Americans use this drug every day to treat asthma. |
| The Texas Department of Health proposed (though later withdrew) a potentially precedent-setting attempt at regulation that's a textbook example of the double standard described earlier: It would have banned the sale of ephedra (ma huang) and ephedrine-containing dietary supplements, while preserving the sale of pharmaceutical products containing the same extracts, including Primatene, Breathe-Aid, Bronkaid, ephedrine-based nose drops, and "generic equivalents. |
| Labeling issues were also addressed by this act: dietary supplements must list all ingredients and their amounts, and botanical products must indicate the part of the plant from which the ingredient is derived. Manufacturers must be prepared to substantiate claims and must include the disclaimer: "This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. |
| Under the Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), the FDA issued a set of proposed regulations that created a separate category under which herbs would be regulated: as dietary supplements, which also includes vitamins, minerals, enzymes, amino acids, phytopharmaceuticals, and the like.
Dietary supplement products may make what are called "structure or function claims." That is, it may indicate that the product benefits a structure or function of the body, but it cannot claim to cure or mitigate any disease. |
Larry Trivieri, Jr.
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| Even with the studies that have come out on the potential benefits of vitamin E for preventing heart disease, the FDA's position is that there are not going to be any claims allowed for dietary supplements that do not meet the standards applied to prescription drugs."
The FDA has also seized safe and effective natural remedies, such as coenzyme Q10 and evening primrose oil, from health food stores and distributors because they did not approve of the statements being made about these supplements, according to Dr. Gaby, despite the fact that extensive scientific literature supports their use. |
Dr. Gary Null
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| It should be noted, however, that any dietary supplements used should be low in vitamin A, niacin, copper, and iron, the levels of which lend to be elevated in pill users." chlamydia. "Another reason the pill is bad for female infertility is that it promotes the growth of chlamydia. This condition has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, with over half a million new cases yearly. Chlamydia causes pelvic inflammatory disease, which can then cause sterility. Usually, the first time it strikes, chlamydia does not render a woman sterile. |
Andrew L. Stoll
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| These treatments are considered "dietary supplements," and the quality, efficacy and toxicity have not been systematically evaluated or approved by the FDA. "Natural" does not imply safety; these are pharmacological agents with potential adverse affects.
1. Serotonin syndrome is an uncommon but serious reaction to drugs or compounds with strong effects on the neurotransmitter serotonin. The risk of developing serotonin syndrome is increased if two or more compounds with serotonin effects are mixed together. St. |
Dr. Gary Null
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| To prevent undesirable effects, women may want to combine exercise with sufficient amounts of antioxidants, in the diet and/or as dietary supplements. (See "Antioxidants," above.)
BREATHING EXERCISES. Breathing exercises combined with physical activity increase the action of lymphatic cleansing. Detoxification expert Susan Lombardi explains, "For lymphatic cleansing, you want to synchronize your breathing with the movement of your legs and arms. When you are walking or jumping on the trampoline, inhale four times, and exhale four times. |
Robert S. McCaleb, Evelyn Leigh, and Krista Morien
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 Herb Safety
There are several main types of safety evidence:
• Historical use by humans
• Laboratory toxicity testing
• Side effects observed during clinical trials
• Reports of illness or fatalities in people using the substance—called adverse event reports, or AERs
The same kinds of safety evidence apply to foods, food chemicals, dietary supplements, and drugs, with the exception of side effects. Since foods are not clinically researched, this kind of proof is not available for most foods. |
| Most important, DSHEA allows dietary supplements to bear health benefit claims called "statements of nutritional support," which are commonly referred to as structure/Junction claims because they may describe the effect of the supplement on the structure or function of the body. These statements cannot be drug claims, however, and must be truthful and not misleading. They must be supported by scientific evidence, and must be accompanied by a disclaimer that the product is not intended for treating or preventing disease. |
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