Mark Blumenthal
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 This statement has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease." (DSHEA, 1994). FDA regulations also prohibit the use of any name of a pathology or disease in a claim, but do allow manufacturers to make claims that have been previously allowed for nonprescription drugs if the claim does not deal with a disease state (e.g., antacid, antigas, digestive aid, laxative, nighttime sleep aid, etc.) (FDA, 2000; Israelsen and Blumenthal, 2000). |
| Common names for cayenne include cayenne pepper, chili pepper, paprika, red pepper, tabasco pepper, bird pepper, African bird pepper, piquin, aji pepper, Brown's pepper, Peruvian pepper, piris, habafiero pepper, and bonnet pepper. Cayenne is one of the fastest growing botanical imports, accounting for approximately 12% of the total annual value of U.S. spice imports. New Mexico alone produces approximately 100 million pounds of dried peppers annually (Buzzanell and Gray, 1999). |
Paul Pitchford
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 Animal versus Human Milk
When milk animals are raised without drugs or antibiotics, on unsprayed feed and forage, and children have no allergic or mucous response, then animal milk can be a beneficial dietary supplement. If it is used as the sole food source for infants, we have some reservations, since its higher protein value is designed to create the faster-growing skeleton and body and slower mental development of an animal (a calf will quadruple in weight during the first six months, whereas an infant's weight will only double). |
Mark Blumenthal
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| The ABC Clinical Guide to Herbs © 2003 by the american botanical council (abc). abc is an independent member-based educational organization focusing on the medicinal use of herbs. for more detailed information about this herb please consult the healthcare provider who gave you this sheet. to order The ABC Clinical Guide to Herbs or become a member of abc, visit their website at www.herbalgram.org. c3 c o z
(/} :r. n
Ginseng, Asian
Panax ginseng CA. Meyer (syn. P. schinseng T. Nees)
[Fam. |
Marie-France Muller, M.D., N.D., Ph.D.
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 A good working definition of a nutraceutical is a dietary supplement to which pharmaceutical-grade clinical research is applied. In the United States and around the globe, nutraceuticals are usually acquired by patients independent of their physicians. These patients opt to "self-medicate" without necessarily having adequate product efficacy and safety data or even general information about the specifics of the compounds. This can be a prescription for disaster especially if the patient has multiple comorbidities and is already taking some type of prescription drug. |
Grace Ross Lewis
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 It is used as an antacid, an antidiarrheal, an alkali, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, firming agent, modifier for chewing gum, nutrient, release agent for chewing gum, stabilizer, texturizing agent, chewing gum texturizer, and yeast food.
Precautions: A severe eye and moderate skin irritant. GRAS (generally recognized as safe). A common air contaminant. It is considered the most concentrated and cheapest form of commercial calcium supplement. It is best absorbed when taken with food. The recommended daily allowance is about 800 mg.
Synonyms: CAS: 1317-65-3 ? AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE ? |
Marie-France Muller, M.D., N.D., Ph.D.
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| Zeolite is a generic term for a family of volcanic rocks whose natural
* Lycopenomin Active® is a dietary supplement manufactured by Megamin GmbH, Berlin, Germany and now distributed in the United States (see appendix 4). It is composed of lycopene, vitamin C, selenium and the tribomechanically micronized natural mineral clinoptilolite. Based on known biological properties of its ingredients, Lycopenomin Active® is intended to maintain a proper balance of essential and trace minerals, to stimulate immune response, and to provide antioxidative protection. |
Ronald L. Hoffman, M.D.
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 For decades, holistic physicians have prescribed collagen, in the form of bovine cartilage or, more recently, shark cartilage, as a dietary supplement in the treatment of both kinds of arthritis. Just recently, mainstream scientific studies have begun to confirm the efficacy of this approach.
In one study, processed collagen was fed to a group of volunteers at Beth Israel Hospital in Boston, and their arthritic symptoms improved. Collagen feeding helps people who suffer from osteoarthritis, too, which suggests that there is also an autoimmune component to osteoarthritis as well. |
Grace Ross Lewis
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| SUPERFLAKE ANHYDROUS calcium citrate_
Products and Uses: A dietary supplement, firming agent and nutrient. In beans (lima), flour, and peppers. As a buffer (regulates the acidity or alkalinity).
Precautions: GRAS (generally recognized as safe).
Synonyms: CAS: 813-94-5 ? LIME CITRATE ? TRICALCIUM CITRATE calcium disodium edta_
Products and Uses: Commonly indicated as a preservative and sequestrant (binds constituents that affect the final product's appearance, flavor or texture). |
| Synonyms: CAS: 4075-81-4 calcium pyrophosphate_
Products and Uses: An additive used as a buffer, dietary supplement, neutralizing agent, and nutrient. For polishing agents in toothpaste or powder.
Precautions: GRAS (generally recognized as safe).
Synonyms: CAS: 7790-76-3 calcium resinate
Products and Uses: Various uses include waterproofers, paint driers, perfumes, cosmetics, enamels, and soaps. Also useful as a coating for fabrics, gel thickener, and detergents.
Precautions: Flammable. Dangerous fire risk. Synonyms: CAS: 9007-13-0 ? |
| ALDEHYDE cuprous iodide__
Products and Uses: dietary supplement added to table salt to prevent goiters. Source of iodine in table salt.
Precautions: GRAS (generally recognized as safe) with a limitation of 0.01% in table salt.
Synonyms: CAS: 7681-65-4 ? COPPER IODIDE ? COPPER I) IODIDE cyclamate___
Products and Uses: Sweetener (nonnutritive). Approved for use in Europe and in 40 countries around the world. Currently under study in the U.S.
Precautions: This was a popular sweetener in the 1960s until it was removed from the market in 1969. |
| Considered as a dietary supplement, dough strengthener, and nutrient.
Precautions: GRAS (generally recognized as safe) when used within FDA limitations.
Synonyms: CAS: 56-89-3 ? CYSTEINE DISULFIDE ? CYSTIN ? (-)-CYSTINE ? CYSTINE ACID ? DICYSTEINE ? /3,/3'-DITHIODIALANINE ? GELUCYSTINE ? OXIDIZED 1-CYSTEINE
2,4-d__
Products and Uses: A fungicide, herbicide, weed killer, and defoliant that controls fruit dropping. |
| Sugar refining agent, food additive, dietary supplement, dough conditioner, nutrient, and yeast food. Before electricity, an oxyhydrogen flame impinged on a cylinder of lime, which caused a brilliant white light that was concentrated to a beam by a lens. The light was used as a spotlight for stage shows, thus the phrase, "in the limelight."
Precautions: A common air contaminant. Very irritating to skin, eyes, nose and throat. At full strength, may cause difficult breathing and pulmonary edema. Upon ingestion may cause hemorrhaging, perforation of the esophagus and stomach, and death. |
Christopher Hobbs
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 Note that for full therapeutic doses, although fresh shiitake can be a valuable dietary supplement, the amount one would need to eat for medicinal doses is so high that it might cause digestive upset. That is why LEM, which is concentrated and easily absorbed, is preferred as medicine.
Related Species
The mycelial extract of L. cyathiformis, a species native to Hungary, showed antitumor activity in mice against Ehrlich ascites tumor and sarcoma 180. This fungus was reported to be significantly more active than mycelial extracts of three samples of L. |
Mark Blumenthal
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| Its rise to fame came after the national media reported clinical research showing that SJW is safe and effective for treating mild to moderate depression. The Greek physician Hippocrates (ca. 460-377 B.C.E.) was one of the first to speak of the health benefits of SJW. Preparations include teas, alcoholic tinctures, and tablets using either the plant in its crude form or standardized preparation. SJW is typically standardized to contain a consistent level of hypericin (0.3%), or hyperforin (3-5%), two naturally occurring chemicals found in the plant. |
The Complete Book of Alternative NutritionSelene Y. Craig, Jennifer Haigh, Sari Harrar and the Editors of PREVENTION Magazine Health Books
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| Ginkgo extract is available in the United States and is labeled as a food or dietary supplement.
Scientists warn people not to fall prey to excessive claims made by ginkgo manufacturers, particularly claims about the miracle "age-reversing" powers of their product. But they concur that ginkgo does appear to be useful for increasing cerebral blood flow in older people.
Opening Channels of Communication
How does ginkgo improve brain circulation? Its secret lies with flavonoids and terpenoids, powerful compounds with enormous ability to mop up cell-damaging free radicals. |
Hemp TodayEd Rosenthal
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| I have been recommending flax oil as a dietary supplement to patients with autoimmune disorders, arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions, but about half of them cannot tolerate it. Some say that it makes them gag, even when concealed in salad dressing or mashed into a baked potato. These people have to resort to taking flax oil capsules, which are large and expensive. Udo Erasmus, author of the classic book, Fats and Oils (Alive, 1986), says that the problem is freshness. |
Gary Null, Ph.D.
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 If you develop a side effect on a dietary supplement be sure to also report it to the government's Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The toll-free number of the FDA's Medwatch program is 1-800-FDA-1088.
•Whether effective or not, some alternative approaches are unlikely to cause harm. Many alternative therapies, such as massage, tai chi, yoga, meditation, and balanced vegetarian diets, have side effects—like stress reduction, improved balance and weight loss—which are almost all positive. |
Robert Hass, M.S.
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 Concurrent supplementation with vitamin E and vitamin C (which helps regenerate vitamin E) can provide protection from fat peroxidation of fish oils and other omega-3 fatty acids. Some dietary supplement companies add vitamin E to their fish-oil supplements to protect against oxidation.
Several studies that focused on burn patients and people undergoing coronary artery bypass found no significant blood loss or changes in blood clotting after fish-oil supplementation. |
| And if seafood or flaxseed don't appeal to you, ask your doctor about using an omega-3 fat dietary supplement, such as MaxEpa. This is a popular brand of fish oil that has been used in a number of clinical studies.
Friendly Fats Still Under Study
Here's a helpful guide to finding other friendly fats that scientists are currently testing against cancer. Research on these fats is still preliminary and inconclusive, but enough evidence now exists for scientists begin evaluating them against human cancers. |
| I devised a phytonutrient-rich diet, based on his favorite foods, created special recipes to suit his tastes, and developed a dietary supplement program to help protect his coronary arteries from closing. And of course, I insisted that he begin a regular aerobic exercise program. He chose stationary cycling—a good idea, since he lived in Manhattan, a city not known for its clean air or light traffic.
During the next 8 weeks, Mr. |
American Medical Publishing
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| Recently, germanium has been marketed in the form of inorganic germanium salts and novel organogermanium compounds, as a "dietary supplement."
These products are promoted for their claimed immunomodulatory effects or as "health-promoting" elixirs. Germanium supplements, when used chronically, have caused nephrotoxicity (kidney injury) and death. Since 1982, there have been 20 reported cases of acute renal failure, including two deaths, attributed to oral intakes of germanium elixirs. |
| In 1989, public health officials realized that an epidemic of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome (EMS) was associated with the ingestion of L-tryptophan in a dietary supplement. EMS is a systemic connective tissue disease characterized by severe muscle pain, an increase in white blood cells, and certain skin and neuromuscular manifestations.
More than 1,500 cases of L-tryptophan-related EMS have been reported to the national Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. At least 38 patients are known to have died. The true incidence of L-tryptophan-related EMS is thought to be much higher. |
the Editors of PREVENTION
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 Because of Food and Drug Administration restrictions, it is sold only as a dietary supplement.
Derived from the leaves of a wild shrub, Stevia rebaudiana, that grows in the mountains of Paraguay, stevia is estimated to be 150 to 400 times sweeter than sugar. You need to use just a drop or a pinch, not a spoonful.
Dr. Broadhurst recommends using stevia extract, which is sold by the ounce in health food stores as a liquid or white powder, but remember to use only a small amount. To get accustomed to the taste, Dr. |
American Medical Publishing
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| Willow bark is widely promoted as an "aspirin-free" analgesic, including in dietary supplement products for children. Because it shares the same chemical properties and the same adverse effects as aspirin, this claim is highly misleading. The "aspirin-free" claim is particularly dangerous on products marketed, without warning labels, for use by children and other aspirin-sensitive individuals.
The pharmacologically active component in willow bark is "salicin," a compound that is converted to salicylic acid by the body after ingestion. |
the Editors of PREVENTION
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| Stevia is a noncaloric herbal sweetener sold as a dietary supplement in health food stores. Since it's 200 to 300 times sweeter than sugar, you need only a pinch to satisfy your sweet tooth, says Arthur O. Tucker III, Ph.D., research professor at Delaware State University in Dover. And, unlike aspartame, you can also cook and bake with it. Some recipes call for substituting 2 tablespoons of stevia powder for 1 cup of sugar. The extract form is much sweeter, so if you use that, you'll need only about J/4 teaspoon for every cup of sugar, says Dr. Tucker. |
Gary Null, Ph.D.
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 Results of this study found that the administration of a 250-ppm retinyl acetate dietary supplement significantly inhibited the induction of mammary cancers in rats exposed to 50 mg of benzo(a)pyrene. —D.L. McCormick, et al., "Inhibition of Benz[a]pyrene-induced Mammary Carcinogenesis by Retinyl Acetate," Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 66(3), March 1981, p. 559-564.
Results of this study of male lung cancer patients and controls with nonrespiratory, nonneoplastic disease showed an inverse association between vitamin A and risk of lung cancer among heavy smokers.
—C. Mettlin, et al. |
American Medical Publishing
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| Lobelia is nevertheless found in dietary supplement products that are marketed for use by children and infants, pregnant women, and smokers.
E. Germander (Teucrium genus)
Germander is the common name for a group of plants that are contained in medicinal teas, elixirs and capsules or tablets, either singly or in combination with other herbs, and marketed for the treatment of obesity and to facilitate weight loss. |
Simon Mills and Kerry Bone
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 However, it is freely available as a 'dietary supplement' in the USA under DSHEA legislation (1994 Dietary-Supplement Health and Education Act).
Bilberry is not included in Part 4 of Schedule 4 of the Therapeutic Goods Act Regulations of Australia.
References
1. Grieve M. A modern herbal, vols 1 and 2. Dover Publications, New York, 1971, pp 99-100.
2. German Federal Minister of Justice. German Commission E for human medicine monograph, Bundes-Anzeiger (German Federal Gazette) no. 76, dated 23.04.1987, no. 50, dated 13.03.1990.
3. Smeh NJ. Creating your own cosmetics - naturally. |
Arthur C. Upton, M.D.
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| Doctors discovered that their patients had one thing in common: Almost all had taken a dietary supplement called l-tryptophan. l-Tryptophan is an amino acid, one of the chemical building blocks that join in various combinations to form proteins. A "natural" substance, tryptophan is present in many foods. |
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